the first and last link seem less trustworthy as they seem to be affiliated with industry orgs that benefit from EVs.

But link #2 seems solid, and a related search on Google Scholar points at a lot of interesting papers.

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=related:B47EWn6YcDUJ:sc...

I looked at a few, and the overall consensus seems to be that at least EVs are not worse than ICEVs (and I suppose EVs will get efficient faster than ICEVs(.

Thanks!