> there are no peaceful means to achieve this goal
The EU's border-adjustment scheme isn't perfect. But it's in the right direction. Clean up your own act. Assign a broad-brushed adjustment to goods coming from dirty origins and use the proceeds to (a) further clean up your act or (b) incentivise others to clean up theirs.
I would hope so. The problem is numbers don't much at this point and there are strong incentives if you have to pick between economic growth or being green. And the fear (irrational or not; your pick) to nuclear doesn't leave a lot of options.
But that is a step that might, and I say might, with a lot of salt help. The problem is we don't see this happening. Germany, for instance, was increasing their coal mining volume prior to the Russia Ukraine war and were not going to make the independence goal.
P.S. I was going to edit my comment to add the efficacy of sanctions and other similar measures, but yours covers it. Thank you for your comment.
The EU's border-adjustment scheme isn't perfect. But it's in the right direction. Clean up your own act. Assign a broad-brushed adjustment to goods coming from dirty origins and use the proceeds to (a) further clean up your act or (b) incentivise others to clean up theirs.