Well, yes, that falls under the second case: behavioral invariants of complex systems.
And the reference for "sorting" could likely be a deterministic bogosort and certainly a primitive bubblesort.
Even if you're just looking at sorting stability, you're past what your simple "sorted" type would cover.
Most things are far less trivial than "sorted list", including (almost?) all interesting practical applications of formal verification in the life of a "normal" software engineer.
And the reference for "sorting" could likely be a deterministic bogosort and certainly a primitive bubblesort.
Even if you're just looking at sorting stability, you're past what your simple "sorted" type would cover.
Most things are far less trivial than "sorted list", including (almost?) all interesting practical applications of formal verification in the life of a "normal" software engineer.