What do you think happens when insurance is provided through your employer and you develop a health problem that interferes with your ability to do that job?
The short answer is you can get a continuation of your same health plan for a certain period of time, but you have to pay more because your employer isn't subsidizing your premiums. Generally this extension lasts for 18 months, though if you qualify for disability it can go for 29 months. And you do have to pay the full price for the plan because your employer is no longer providing it for you, though you may get government assistance.
I've gone through this; you should be aware that COBRA is a retroactive continuation of your coverage, from the day you leave your job, but it's not actually continuous. It can take weeks for the paperwork to go through, and during that time you effectively have no coverage. I found this out because I was scheduled for a surgery the week after leaving my job, and while checking in the hospital told me they couldn't verify my insurance. I was delayed about an hour while trying to convince them that I'd applied for (and paid for) COBRA already, and that I was, or would be, covered for the surgery that day. Eventually the department head allowed me to be checked in, but I'd gotten lucky.
You likely lose your job and your healthcare insurance, at least after some period of time, I'm assuming.
(Fortunately I can't speak from experience.)
So you did not, in fact, have insurance against a very bad situation. All the more reason to eliminate employer-based health insurance tax incentives. I don't buy anything else through my employer. Why should I be insuring against my future medical bills through them?
It obscures my effective insurance premia (via a lower salary), on top of the already obscured price of healthcare, since most insurance policies cover so many incidental, non-catastrophic medical costs.
Therein lies the difference of opinion between the Democratic and Republican points of view on US healthcare. Democrats want a system where insurance companies have to cover everyone regardless of their health, and (most) Republicans want (or have voted for) a system where the unhealthy are off in one pool with insurance they can't afford, while the healthy are in another pool with insurance that's cheap but doesn't cover any actual healthcare.
That is only true if they are forced to accept people blindly and without screening.
Otherwise, they simply create a screening process centered around removing unhealthy people and preventing unhealthy people from enrolling.